\u53f0\u5357\u671b\u65cf\u300c\u77f3\u9f0e\u7f8e\u300d\u77f3\u5bb6\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u5b50\u5b6b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6d3b\u5b57\u5178\u300d\u7684\u53f0\u5357\u6587\u53f2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u77f3\u6698\u7762\uff081898-1964\uff09\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6210\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u6027\u8a69\u793e\u300c\u82b8\u9999\u541f\u793e\u300d\u7684\u5973\u8a69\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\uff081889-1980\uff09\u3002\n\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u5152\u6642\u7d93\u7531\u5bb6\u88e1\u5ef6\u8058\u7684\u587e\u5e2b\u5b78\u7fd2\u4f5c\u8a69\u3001\u98fd\u8b80\u8a69\u66f8\uff0c16\u6b72\u55aa\u7236\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u8207\u6bcd\u89aa\u4e00\u540c\u8ca0\u8cac\u6301\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u8207\u6bcd\u89aa\u611f\u60c5\u6df1\u539a\u300235\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5a92\u5981\u4e4b\u8a00\u5ac1\u7d66\u9e7f\u6e2f\u8a69\u4eba\u9673\u5b50\u654f\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281914 \u5e74\u7d44\u7e54\u96c6\u7d50\u7576\u6642\u4e2d\u90e8\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5f70\u5316\u3001\u9727\u5cf0\u6adf\u793e\u3001\u5927\u7532\u3001\u5357\u6295\u7b49\u5730\uff09\u7684\u6587\u4eba\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u9e7f\u6c5f\u8a69\u6703\u300d\uff08\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u9e7f\u6e2f\u541f\u793e\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9e7f\u6e2f\u8a69\u6703\u300d\uff09\u3002\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u5a5a\u5f8c\u7531\u65bc\u96a8\u592b\u51fa\u5e2d\u8a69\u58c7\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u64f4\u5c55\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u8a69\u58c7\u7684\u540d\u8072\u8207\u4ea4\u969b\u5708\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4ea6\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u52a0\u7559\u9752\u541f\u793e\u3001\u9149\u5c71\u541f\u793e\u7b49\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u300a\u85fb\u9999\u6587\u85dd\u300b\u3001\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u8a69\u5831\u300b\u7b49\u520a\u7269\u5c55\u73fe\u8a69\u624d\u3002\n<\/p>
1930\u5e74\uff0c\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u8207\u8521\u78a7\u541f\u3001\u90b1\u78a7\u9999\u7b49\u773e\u591a\u53f0\u5357\u5973\u8a69\u4eba\u6210\uf9f7\u300c\u82b8\u9999\u541f\u793e\u300d\uff0c\u88ab\u7576\u6642\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u6c11\u5831\u300b\u8a55\u70ba\u300c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u54e1\uff0c\u6982\u662f\u5b54\u5b50\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u58a8\u5b88\u6df1\u95a8\u7684\u5a66\uf981\uff0c\u6545\u9019\u56de\u6562\u52a0\u5165\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u96d6\u5c1a\u6709\u754f\u9996\u754f\u5c3e\u4e4b\u5acc\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8b02\u5f88\u53ef\u559c\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u300c\u767c\u6703\u5f0f\u300d\u5171\u540c\u6c7a\u8b70\u53c3\u52a0\u300c\u5168\u5cf6\u806f\u541f\u5927\u6703\u300d\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u4e00\u6230\u5f8c\u5305\u542b\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6c7a\u3001\u5a66\u5973\u89e3\u653e\u7b49\u601d\u6f6e\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u4e0d\u50c5\u6210\u7acb\u5973\u6027\u8a69\u793e\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u8a2d\u7acb\u300c\u82b8\u9999\u95a3\u300d\u66f8\u623f\u4ee5\u6559\u6388\u5973\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5973\u6027\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u53c3\u8207\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u77e5\u8b58\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\n<\/p>
\u9694\u5e74\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u5728\u300a\u85fb\u9999\u6587\u85dd\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8a69\u5831\u300b\u6295\u7a3f\u5c0d\u5a5a\u59fb\u5931\u671b\u7684\u5fc3\u5883\u3001\u60f3\u8981\u96e2\u5a5a\u7684\u8a69\u4f5c\uff0c\u5973\u5b50\u52c7\u65bc\u516c\u958b\u5730\u6399\u812b\u5a5a\u59fb\u67b7\u9396\u5728\u7576\u6642\u662f\u4ef6\u6975\u70ba\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u8207\u9673\u5b50\u654f\u56e0\u592b\u59bb\u95dc\u4fc2\u8b8a\u8cea\u800c\u96e2\u5a5a\u5f8c\uff0c\u6191\u85c9\u8457\u65e9\u5e74\u66fe\u9032\u5165\u300c\u81fa\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u91ab\u5b78\u5c08\u9580\u5b78\u6821\u300d\uff08\u4eca\u53f0\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u524d\u8eab\uff09\u5b78\u7fd2\u63a5\u751f\u4e26\u53d6\u5f97\u57f7\u7167\uff0c\u5979\u524d\u5f80\u6f33\u5dde\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\u9662\u4efb\u8077\u52a9\u7522\u58eb\uff1b\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff081929-1935\uff09\uff0c\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u5df2\u66fe\u6578\u6b21\u5f80\u8fd4\u53f0\u7063\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u96bb\u8eab\u904a\u6b77\u56db\u65b9\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u8a8d\u8b58\u4f86\u81ea\u53f0\u5317\u7684\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\uff081900-1988\uff09\uff0c1934\u5e74\u6bcd\u89aa\u75c5\u5371\u800c\u8fd4\u53f0\u7167\u9867\u6bcd\u89aa\u534a\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u30011935\u5e74\u6bcd\u89aa\u8fad\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u6f33\u5dde\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u7d50\u70ba\u9023\u7406\u3001\u5b9a\u5c45\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002\n<\/p>
\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u592b\u5a66\u8207\u5b50\u5973\u56de\u5230\u53f0\u5317\uff0c\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u5055\u540c\u8523\u6e2d\u5ddd\u3001\u738b\u6dfb\u706f\u7b49\u4eba\u7d44\u6210\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u653f\u6cbb\u5efa\u8a2d\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff08\u524d\u8eab\u70ba\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u6c11\u773e\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff09\uff0c1947\u5e74\u5354\u6703\u5728\u4e8c\u4e8c\u516b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7576\u4e2d\u767c\u52d5\u7fa4\u773e\u904a\u884c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u7576\u5c40\u65bd\u58d3\uff0c\u591a\u4f4d\u6210\u54e1\u65bc\u4e8b\u5f8c\u906d\u5230\u61f2\u8655\u3001\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u901a\u7ddd\u800c\u9003\u4ea120\u500b\u6708\u3002\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u5728\u8fd4\u53f0\u5f8c\u8ddf\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u8a69\u793e\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\ufa00\uff0c\u4ea6\u66fe\u5beb\u904e\u95dc\u65bc\u4e8c\u4e8c\u516b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8a69\u4f5c\u30021958\u5e74\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u8207\u6797\u5ddd\u50b3\u9053\u5e2b\u7b49\u4eba\u5954\u8d70\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u9577\u8001\u6559\u6703\u53e4\u4ead\u6559\u6703\u300d\uff08\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u6240\u6558\u300c\u5442\u4f2f\u878d\u77f3\u5982\u7389\u592b\u5a66\u300d\u5373\u70ba\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u3001\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u592b\u5a66\uff09\uff0c\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u4e5f\u5728\u6b64\u53d7\u6d17\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u5c07\u665a\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b\u91cd\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u6559\u6703\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u4e26\u6642\u5e38\u53c3\u8207\u8a69\u53cb\u805a\u6703\u3001\u5beb\u8a69\u76f8\u4e92\u5531\u548c\u30021975\u5e74\uff0c\u9ec3\u50b3\u5fc3\u3001\u5468\u5b9a\u5c71\u5f9e\u5979\u8a69\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9078\u53d6\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u7531\u5176\u5973\u5442\u5c11\u537f\u8207\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u7de8\u7e82\u6210\u300a\u82b8\u9999\u95a3\u5137\u7389\u541f\u8349\u300b\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u6db5\u84cb\u9752\u5e74\u3001\u4e2d\u5e74\u81f3\u665a\u5e74\u4e09\u6642\u671f\u4e4b\u8a69\u4e00\u5343\u9996\u3001\u8a5e\u516b\u5341\u4e00\u95d5\uff1b\u5beb\u4f5c\u984c\u6750\u5305\u62ec\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u3008\u7537\uf981\u667a\uf98a\u540c\u3009\u9053\u51fa\u7537\u5c0a\uf981\u5351\u4e26\u75be\u547c\u7537\uf981\u53d7\u6559\u6b0a\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u3008\u984c\u6b65\uf999\u8096\u5f71\u3009\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7e8f\u8db3\uf96f\u660e\u5c01\u5efa\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\uf981\u6027\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u523b\u5283\u53cb\u60c5\u3001\u6bcd\u5973\u60c5\u6df1\u3001\u592b\u59bb\u6069\u611b\u3001\u5beb\u666f\u3001\u5bb6\u570b\u5927\u4e8b\u3001\u63cf\u7e6a\u653f\u5546\u540d\u6d41\u7b49\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u5bb6\u570b\u5927\u4e8b\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\u5305\u62ec\u611f\u6168\u53f0\u7063\u6dea\u9677\u9f13\u821e\u6297\u65e5\u9769\u547d\u3001\u8fd4\u53f0\u5f8c\u812b\u96e2\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u6b23\u559c\u4e4b\u60c5\u3001\u6279\u5224\u4e8c\u4e8c\u516b\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u95dc\u65bc\u653f\u5546\u540d\u6d41\u7684\u8a69\u4f5c\u5247\u53ef\uf976\ufa0a\uf980\u6c0f\u592b\u5a66\u5728\u7576\u6642\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\n<\/p>
1980\u5e74\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u4ee5\u3008\u60bc\u4ea1\u5341\u9996\u3009\u6292\u767c\u54c0\u621a\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u8f13\u806f\u300c\u534a\u4e16\u76f8\u96a8\u540c\u5fb7\u540c\u5fc3\u5805\u4fe1\u671b\uff0f\u4e00\u751f\u52de\u788c\u70ba\u6c11\u70ba\u570b\u722d\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u70ba\u59bb\u5b50\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u8a3b\u8173\u3002\n\n<\/p>
\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/p>
\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u64b0\uff0c\uf980\u4f2f\u96c4\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u82b8\u9999\u95a3\u5137\u7389\u541f\u8349\u300b\uff0c\u81fa\uf963\uff1a\uf9c4\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u521d\u7248\uff0c1992 \uf98e\u91cd\u5370\u3002
\u674e\u662d\u69ae\uff0c\u300a\u9e7f\u6e2f\u4e01\u5bb6\u5927\u5b85\u300b\uff0c\u6668\u661f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u521d\u7248\uff0c2010\u3002
\u65bd\u61ff\u7433\uff0c\u3008\u5357\u90fd\uf981\u8a69\u4eba\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u300a\u82b8\u9999\u95a3\u5137\u7389\u541f\u8349\u300b\u4f5c\u54c1\u521d\u63a2\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u53f2\uf9be\u7814\u7a76\u300b \u7b2c 15 \u671f\uff0c2000\u3002
\uf90f\uf952\uff0c\u3008\u300c\u5c0f\u6211\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5927\u6211\u300d\u2014\u521d\u63a2\u81fa\u7063\u53e4\u5178\uf981\u8a69\u4eba\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u8a69\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5f62\u8c61\u3009
\u9594\u79cb\u82f1\u3008\u770b\u53e4\u6885\u800c\u52d5\u9050\u601d\u516e\u52c1\u7bc0\u7368\u98c4\u6e05\u8525–\u6dfa\u4ecb\u65e5\u64da\u6642\u4ee3\u5dfe\u5e57\uf981\u8a69\u4eba\u77f3\u4e2d \u82f1\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u81fa\u5357\u6587\u5316\u300b\u7b2c 55 \u671f\uff0c1993\u3002
\u984f\u80b2\u6f54\uff0c\u3008\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u3001\u5442\u4f2f\u96c4\u5176\u4eba\u5176\u8a69\u63a2\u7a76\u3009\uff0c\u9ad8\u96c4\uff1a\u570b\u7acb\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5b78\u7cfb\u5728\u8077\u5c08\u73ed\uff0c\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c2005\u3002
\u5433\u54c1\u8ce2\uff0c\u3008\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u81fa\u7063\uf981\u6027\u53e4\u5178\u8a69\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u3009\uff0c\u81fa\u5317\uff1a\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u570b\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u78a9\u58eb\uf941\u6587\uff0c2000\u3002
\u9594\u79cb\u82f1\uff0c\u3008\u77f3\u4e2d\u82f1\u53ca\u5176\u300a\u82b8\u9999\u95a3\u5137\u7389\u541f\u8349\u300b\u7814\u7a76\u3009\uff0c\u5f70\u5316\uff1a\u5f70\u5316\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u570b\u6587\u5b78\u7cfb\u5728\u8077 \u9032\u4fee\u5c08\u73ed\uff0c\u78a9\u58eb\uf941\u6587\uff0c2002\u3002
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